Drinking Age Essays (851 words) - Drinking Culture, Alcohol Abuse

Drinking Age Since the increase of the drinking age to 21 has taken effect in New York state, the argument for lowering that limit has been heated. The current age for the consumption of alcohol in the United States is 21 ("Consequences"). Just as it is stated in the following quote, age limits for minors are inconsistent. " Why is it that 18 year old U.S. citizens can legally obtain a driver's license, register to vote, be forced into jury duty or a draft, can be tried as an adult and even put to death, but cannot buy and consume alcoholic beverages?"("Drinking"). The following quote deals specifically with the problem of underage drinking. "88% of drinking drivers aged 16-20 who where involved in fatal crashes in 1993 were determined to have CAUSED the crash" ("Consequences"). Logically, if parents could teach young adults the responsibilities of alcohol at a younger age, then this frightening statistic would probably be cut in half. As Jeff Roberts* put it in his interview, " I believe that one of the factors that drives young adults to drinking, if not the biggest reason, is that it is illegal. That is where the peer pressure and the glamour of it all comes in. Young adults see the older adults handling alcohol and say well I want to act older so I can do that too. It also makes the young adult feel dangerous and alive. They are getting away with something that is illegal." It is conceivable that if a parent were given the chance to teach his or her child the responsibilities of drinking at a younger age, that child may grow up understanding and respecting the responsibilities of drinking ("Drinking"). Fasier* responded "I am a firm believer in the idea. It is logical, it is the way it should be taught , Laurent 2 and it is right there along with the Constitution and freedom of choice, which is what this nation was built on". Alcohol-related crashes are the leading cause of teenage deaths ("Consequences"). If parents could allow their children to not abuse alcohol and to be responsible drivers, earlier in life they might be more responsible as life goes on. According to Mrs. Frasier, "The worst that alcohol can do is hurt the kidney, when drunk in massive quantities and at a younger age, but, most of the studies I have read indicate that the age where this is a problem is up till 14 in boys and up to 12 in girls.". In some cases, massive amounts of alcohol can cause a problem in almost all people . If these people had been taught at an earlier age, then possibly they might have more respect and responsibility for the " substance that is meant to be consumed maturely." ("Drinking"). " When I was young, the drinking age was 18, but if they had the chance to teach me even earlier then I firmly believe that my bout with alcoholism would not even have happened. Now the age is 21 so I believe that they should at least bring the age back to 18 if not lower." (Fasier*). The push for this decrease is not just isolated to the United States. It is occurring in other nations as well. Some nations have already begun to lower their age limits such as Canada and European nations ("Drinking"). Recently there have been the deaths of two college students. One of the students was attending LSU and the other was going to MIT. In both cases, the students died of alcohol poisoning ("Drinking")."In the case of the two college students it is already too late, let's not lose any more." ("Drinking"). It is more likely that if the two college students had been able to drink at a younger age, their parents might have been more able to teach them the responsibility of the substance that brought them to their demise. " I believe that we should lower the drinking age in the United States to at least 18 if not lower than that" (Fasier). " I believe that we should definitely lower the drinking age, and I am not just saying that because I already drink, but I am Laurent 3 saying that because I believe that it is right moral, and also part of our constitutional right." (Roberts). These are at least two firm supporters for lowering the drinking age who voice the opinion of many people and there are countless reasons for doing so. If nothing else, the drinking age in

Virtual Environments at a Geographical Scale, in either a Rural or an Urban The WritePass Journal

Virtual Environments at a Geographical Scale, in either a Rural or an Urban Introduction Virtual Environments at a Geographical Scale, in either a Rural or an Urban IntroductionReferences:Related Introduction To understand the word Virtual Environments, we have to go through the term Virtual Reality (VR). The term ‘VR’ means a computer simulated environments which can simulate the physical presence in places in the real world and also in the imaginary world. Most of the current virtual reality environments are firstly the visual experiences which are either displayed on the screen or through special additional sound effects. Now-a-days, these virtual environments are being employed in many areas such as gaming, computer science, geography etc. A good example in the context of geography is Virtual Globe. This is a 3D software model or just to say a representation of the Earth or another world. It provides the user, an ability to freely move around in the virtual environment. The viewing angle and position can be changed and provides a real virtual world. Different geographical features such as roads, buildings, and also demographic quantities such as population can also be vie wed in a very real virtual environment. On 20th of November, 1997, Microsoft released a very popular virtual globe in name of Encarta virtual Globe 98, which was followed by Cosmi’s 3D World Atlas in the year 1999. But the first publicized online virtual globes were NASA World Wind (mid-2004) and Google Earth (mid-2005). The application of the virtual environments, in the context of the geographical visualisation which is likely geovisualisation had many challenges that are involves in that. Working on this aspect, over the past decade had many successful results. Visualisation in scientific computing (ViSC) is one of the successful implementations in this area particularly. To be more successful in the visual presentation, one should take the fullest advantage regarding the cognitive systems developed for interacting with the real world. However the use of the virtual environments in the visualisation includes many challenges and poses many questions regarding these either i n a rural or an urban landscape. The special challenges in this are mainly with the kinds of information depicted, methods which are developed on this information over decades on depicting that particular information and then for what that information is applied was the problem. The virtual environments can be analysed by considering many aspects into consideration. The main thing is that â€Å"what may be meant by an environment†. Then comes â€Å"What is meant by the process of virtualization† and next is that â€Å"Some aspects of the human performances that constrain the environmental design†. These are aspects involved in analysing the VE’s. Any experiment that is likely to be conducted in the virtual environment comes very closer to the issue in the real environment. In Conroy, 2001 it was stated that the previous research investigating topological perception and the way finding in the virtual and real patterns has shown the movement patterns in rea l and virtual environments are very much alike. In the experiment conducted regarding the distance calculation through a virtual environment, by taking six urban areas in to consideration, there are many key points that were observed at the end of the experiment analysis. The one with more heights are more confusing, windows and doors doesn’t make any big difference, too much detail etc were the comments received after the experiment. In this experiment, in order to investigate the perceptive of the scale, the virtual urban environment’s were explored and navigated to observe this particular issue. Now, we will consider steamboat Chronicles, which is a game that represents a virtual environment. This is being discussed here because this also interestingly displays some similar characteristics to the urban landscapes. In this game, the player is likely to identify and discover the place by crossing the obstacles and boundaries same as in real life. It is necessary in th is game to stop at stop-signs, respecting the speed limits etc and which is similar to the facets of the urban structures that we generally experience in our own real urban landscapes. And now this leads a viewer to consider this system in our own real urban landscapes, which helps in improving the transportation facilities, helping the law enforcement agencies etc. The innovation in the transportation technology can be observed in this particular game. This is how, the virtual environments brings up the issues and will become as grounds for some new technological innovations. A great change in one system can reflect a change that is made in another system and finally that would reflect on the total system. This is a rapidly changing world with a rapidly increasing technology. Now-a-days, the computer power and graphical display capabilities are tremendously increased. This is why the virtual environments have now proven to be more and more powerful medium for visualising. The visua lisation of the spatial information and sharing these experiences regarding a common virtual study with other people is done through this medium. The combination of the virtual environments and the decision making practices for a good understanding of the real environments and its related dynamic natural processes. By this, these provide us a good opportunity for a greater involvement in the community decision making. When we consider a particular case study area â€Å"Tool bin catchment in Western Australia†, a Live Link provides a network link between some game engine and a GIS. By this action, it helps communities envision landscape changes and in evaluating the decisions made in association with the selected scenarios. Augmented reality usually refers to the technology that is being integrated with the human sensory input or output. There are many good examples for the virtual environments and their capability in the context of rural or urban landscapes. Mostly, when we c onsider some popular games such as final fantasy VII, Farmville etc they present themselves as best examples for the virtual environments and we all know how addicting those games are. We will be in a different environment which provides reality with non-reality. To conclude, the virtual environments provides best ways in visualisation as a good medium for communicating as well as several other purposes in the context of geography. References: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_globe http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_environment#VR_reconstruction geovista.psu.edu/publications/NPIVM99/ammNPIVM.pdf sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B75C5-48TN3T9-1_user=10_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1991_rdoc=1_fmt=high_orig=gateway_origin=gateway_sort=d_docanchor=view=c_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=1bdd9ec15514f2be59913321de9ed895searchtype=a spacesyntaxistanbul.itu.edu.tr/papers%5Clongpapers%5C105%20-%20Mavridou.pdf http://blogs.utexas.edu/gamegeog/springerlink.com/content/m6542k3nnrm44kgr/ sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6V9K-4DDXMB2-2_user=10_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2005_rdoc=1_fmt=high_orig=gateway_origin=gateway_sort=d_docanchor=view=c_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=18c35dfff1c4c7c51ec78f0190bac901searchtype=a   http://books.google.com/books?hl=enlr=id=M3rAuvR-o-gCoi=fndpg=PA26dq=Virtual+Environments+at+a+Geographical+Scale,+in+either+a+Rural+or+an+Urban+Landscapeots=T-Wfg3hln8sig=vZwcvZYMj3t_twfxRaxG9PZc-34#v=onepageqf=false mrl.nottingham.ac.uk/~cmg/cgreenhalgh-thesis-singlespaced.pdfhttp://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=331781 mightystudents.com/essay/Navigation.Virtual.Environment.160463 geovista.psu.edu/publications/ica/ica99/ http://people.plan.aau.dk/~lbo/SIM/Geoviz_06/19-bodum.pdf